The proinflammatory effects of macrophage-derived NADPH oxidase function in autoimmune diabetes.

The proinflammatory effects of macrophage-derived NADPH oxidase function in autoimmune diabetes. Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Apr 30;: Authors: Feduska JM, Tse HM Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease culminating in the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. While ultimately a T cell-mediated disease, macrophages play an indispensable role in disease initiation and progression. Infiltrating macrophages generate an inflammatory environment by releasing NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide and proinflammatory cytokines. The synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is acknowledged as putative factors contributing to autoimmunity and β-cell damage in T1D. In addition to direct lysis, free radicals collectively participate in β-cell destruction by providing a redox-dependent third signal necessary for islet-reactive CD4 and CD8 T cell maturation and by inducing oxidative post-translational modifications of β-cell epitopes to further exacerbate autoimmune responses. This review will provide an overview of macrophage function and a synergistic cross-talk with redox biology that contributes to autoimmune dysregulation in T1D. PMID: 29723665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - Category: Biology Authors: Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research