The Phox Homology (PX) Domain.

The Phox Homology (PX) Domain.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018 Mar 23;:
Authors: Chandra M, Collins BM
Abstract
The phox-homology (PX) domain is a phosphoinositide-binding domain conserved in all eukaryotes and present in 49 human proteins. Proteins containing PX domains, many of which are also known as sorting nexins (SNXs), have a large variety of functions in membrane trafficking, cell signaling, and lipid metabolism in association with membranes of the secretory and endocytic system. In this review we discuss the structural basis for both canonical lipid interactions with the endosome-enriched lipid phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) as well as non-canonical lipids that promote membrane association. We also describe recent advances in defining the diverse mechanisms by which PX domains interact with other proteins including the retromer trafficking complex and proteins secreted by bacterial pathogens. Like other membrane interacting domains, the attachment of PX domain proteins to specific membranes is often facilitated by additional interactions that contribute to binding avidity, and we discuss this coincidence detection for several known examples.
PMID: 29569114 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - March 24, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research