Ion and metabolite transport in the chloroplast of algae: lessons from land plants.

Ion and metabolite transport in the chloroplast of algae: lessons from land plants.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2018 Mar 14;:
Authors: Marchand J, Heydarizadeh P, Schoefs B, Spetea C
Abstract
Chloroplasts are endosymbiotic organelles and play crucial roles in energy supply and metabolism of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms (algae and land plants). They harbor channels and transporters in the envelope and thylakoid membranes, mediating the exchange of ions and metabolites with the cytosol and the chloroplast stroma and between the different chloroplast subcompartments. In secondarily evolved algae, three or four envelope membranes surround the chloroplast, making more complex the exchange of ions and metabolites. Despite the importance of transport proteins for the optimal functioning of the chloroplast in algae, and that many land plant homologues have been predicted, experimental evidence and molecular characterization are missing in most cases. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about ion and metabolite transport in the chloroplast from algae. The main aspects reviewed are localization and activity of the transport proteins from algae and/or of homologues from other organisms including land plants. Most chloroplast transporters were identified in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, reside in the envelope and participate in carbon acquisition and metabolism. Only a few identified algal transporters are located ...

Source: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS - March 14, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Marchand J, Heydarizadeh P, Schoefs B, Spetea C Tags: Cell Mol Life Sci Source Type: research