Glycoengineering of Mammalian Expression Systems on a Cellular Level.

Glycoengineering of Mammalian Expression Systems on a Cellular Level. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2018 Mar 13;: Authors: Heffner KM, Wang Q, Hizal DB, Can Ö, Betenbaugh MJ Abstract Mammalian expression systems such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO), mouse myeloma (NS0), and human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells serve a critical role in the biotechnology industry as the production host of choice for recombinant protein therapeutics. Most of the recombinant biologics are glycoproteins that contain complex oligosaccharide or glycan attachments representing a principal component of product quality. Both N-glycans and O-glycans are present in these mammalian cells, but the engineering of N-linked glycosylation is of critical interest in industry and many efforts have been directed to improve this pathway. This is because altering the N-glycan composition can change the product quality of recombinant biotherapeutics in mammalian hosts. In addition, sialylation and fucosylation represent components of the glycosylation pathway that affect circulatory half-life and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, respectively. In this chapter, we first offer an overview of the glycosylation, sialylation, and fucosylation networks in mammalian cells, specifically CHO cells, which are extensively used in antibody production. Next, genetic engineering technologies used in CHO cells to modulate glycosylation pathways are described. We provide examples of th...
Source: Advances in Biochemical Engineering Biotechnology - Category: Biotechnology Authors: Tags: Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol Source Type: research