Primary Liver Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma following Complete Response for Hepatitis C Infection after Direct Antiviral Therapy.

We present the case of a 55-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C infection and liver cirrhosis who received antiviral therapy with sofosbuvir and ribavirin and achieved a sustained complete virological response. One year after successful therapy, there was an unexplained decline of his liver function and atypical liver nodularity, which led to the diagnosis of a primary liver diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. DISCUSSION: We review the evidence supporting possible mechanisms of lymphomagenesis after successful hepatitis C therapy, particularly involving late "second-hit" mutations after viral-induced DNA damage and antiviral therapy facilitating the emergence of latent malignant B-cell clones by decreasing local inflammation and immune surveillance. More reports may help elucidate any association between hepatitis C antiviral therapy and late lymphoid malignancies. PMID: 29393087 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Haematologica - Category: Hematology Authors: Tags: Acta Haematol Source Type: research