Prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, and cascade of care in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional, population-based study in rural and urban Malawi

Publication date: Available online 19 January 2018 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Alison J Price, Amelia C Crampin, Alemayehu Amberbir, Ndoliwe Kayuni-Chihana, Crispin Musicha, Terence Tafatatha, Keith Branson, Debbie A Lawlor, Elenaus Mwaiyeghele, Lawrence Nkhwazi, Liam Smeeth, Neil Pearce, Elizabeth Munthali, Beatrice M Mwagomba, Charles Mwansambo, Judith R Glynn, Shabbar Jaffar, Moffat Nyirenda Background Sub-Saharan Africa is in rapid demographic transition, and non-communicable diseases are increasingly important causes of morbidity and mortality. We investigated the burden of diabetes, overweight and obesity, hypertension, and multimorbidity, their treatment, and their associations with lifestyle and other factors in Malawi, a very poor country with a predominantly rural—but rapidly growing urban—population, to identify high-risk populations and inform appropriate interventions. Methods In this cross-sectional, population-based study, we enrolled all adults (≥18 years) residing in two defined geographical areas within Karonga District and Lilongwe city. All adults self-defining as usually resident in the study areas were eligible, and recruited at household level. Participants were interviewed, had anthropometry and blood pressure measured, and had fasting blood samples collected. The study outcomes were prevalence estimates and risk ratios for diabetes (defined as fasting blood glucose of at least 7·0 mmol/L or...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research