Carcinogenic potential of antitumor therapies - is the risk predictable?

Carcinogenic potential of antitumor therapies - is the risk predictable? J BUON. 2017 Nov-Dec;22(6):1378-1384 Authors: Nenova I, Grudeva-Popova J Abstract The growing number of successfully cured cancer patients has created a new field in oncogenesis. The life expectancy of such patients has increased, however this favorable event may create enough time for epigenetic events to occur which can cause a new carcinognic event, i.e. a secondary malignancy. The terms in use are second primary malignancies as well as therapy-related neoplasms in case the treatment of the first neoplasm is a direct cause. Second primary malignancies can be hematological neoplasms or solid tumors, with solid tumors having higher frequency. Hematological malignancies, especially t MDS (therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome) and t AML (therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia), are causally associated with cytotoxic chemotherapy, while secondary solid tumors are related to radiotherapy. The pathogenic mechanisms of clonal selection in second malignancies are in connection with induction of fusion oncogenes, induction of genetic instability, selection of resistant cell clones and hereditary predisposition. The most common oncogenic agents are external (antineoplastic systemic treatments including radiation therapy), patient-specific factors (genetic, demographic, hormonal) and tumorspecific factors (tissue radiosensitivity, immunodeficiency). There are special...
Source: Journal of B.U.ON. - Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: J BUON Source Type: research