New Insights into Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Graft Rejection.

New Insights into Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Graft Rejection. Annu Rev Pathol. 2017 Nov 03;: Authors: Perkey E, Maillard I Abstract Allogeneic transplantation of foreign organs or tissues has lifesaving potential, but can lead to serious complications. After solid organ transplantation, immune-mediated rejection mandates the use of prolonged global immunosuppression and limits the life span of transplanted allografts. After bone marrow transplantation, donor-derived immune cells can trigger life-threatening graft-versus-host disease. T cells are central mediators of alloimmune complications and the target of most existing therapeutic interventions. We review recent progress identifying multiple cell types in addition to T cells and new molecular pathways that regulate pathogenic alloreactivity. Key discoveries include the cellular subsets that function as potential sources of alloantigens, the cross talk of innate lymphoid cells with damaged epithelia and with the recipient microbiome, the impact of the alarmin interleukin-33 on alloreactivity, and the role of Notch ligands expressed by fibroblastic stromal cells in alloimmunity. While refining our understanding of transplantation immunobiology, these findings identify new therapeutic targets and new areas of investigation. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease Volume 13 is January 24, 2018. Please see http://www.annualrev...
Source: Annual Review of Pathology - Category: Pathology Authors: Tags: Annu Rev Pathol Source Type: research