Reference Ranges for Fetal Atrioventricular and Ventriculoatrial Time Intervals and Their Ratios during Normal Pregnancy

Background: The diagnostic assessment of fetal arrhythmias relies on the measurements of atrioventricular (AV) and ventriculoatrial (VA) time intervals. Pulsed Doppler over in- and outflow of the left ventricle and tissue Doppler imaging are well-described methods, while Doppler measurements between the left brachiocephalic vein and the aortic arch are less investigated. The aim of this study was to compare these methods of measurement, to find influencing factors on AV and VA times and their ratio, and to create reference ranges.Methods: Echocardiography was performed between 16 and 40 weeks of gestation in normal singleton pregnancies. Nomograms for the individual measurements were created using quantile regression with Matlab Data Analytics. Statistical analyses were performed with GraphPad version 5.0 for Windows.Results: A total of 329 pregnant women were enrolled. A significant correlation exists between AV and VA times and gestational age (GA) (p = 0.0104 to
Source: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy - Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research