Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Kidney function and hypertension.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Kidney function and hypertension. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2017 Jul 19;:ajprenal.00535.2016 Authors: Mehaffey E, Majid DSA Abstract Hypertension is considered to be a low-grade inflammatory condition characterized by the presence of various pro-inflammatory cytokines. The inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a constituent of the pro-inflammatory environment that is associated with salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) and related renal injury. Elevated angiotensin II (AngII) and other factors such as oxidative stress conditions promote TNF-α formation. Many recent studies have provided evidence that TNF-α exerts a direct renal action by regulating hemodynamic and excretory function in the kidney. The cytokine incites a strong natriuretic response and plays a part in regulation of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system. The exact mechanistic role of TNF-α in the development of SSH is yet poorly understood. While TNF-α antagonism has been shown to attenuate hypertensive responses in many hypertensive animal models, contrasting findings demonstrate that the direct systemic administration of TNF-α usually induces hypotensive as well as natriuretic responses, indicating a counter-regulatory role of TNF-α in SSH. Differential activities of two cell surfaced receptors of TNF-α (receptor type 1 and type 2) may explain the contradictory functions of TNF-α in the setting of hyperten...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research