La dysfonction musculaire en cas de tabagisme actif

Conclusion Chez les fumeurs non BPCO comme chez les fumeurs BPCO, les anomalies musculaires se caractérisent par une diminution de la masse et de la force musculaire, une modification dans la distribution des types de fibres et une réduction de la capacité de résistance à la fatigue. Objective The objective of this review is to explain the alterations in muscle function observed in smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Actuality One hundred and eighty-five articles are found, only 47 items have provided specific information about the relation between smoking and musculoskeletal disorders and so were selected. The work on non-COPD smokers has shown that constituents of the cigarette smoke can cause muscle atrophy through activation of muscle proteolysis and inhibiting protein synthesis. The fiber type composition is identical to that of non-smokers with the same level of activity with reduced oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle. However, the work on COPD smokers have shown that peripheral muscle atrophy accompanies COPD in 30% of cases and the frequency increases with the degree of ventilatory insufficiency. The type I fibers is greatly decreased, while the type II fibers increases proportionally. Perspective and projects Further studies seem to be necessary to determine whether smoking cessation restores muscle function or not. Conclusion In smokers with and without COPD muscle abnormalities are characterized by a decrease in mass a...
Source: Science and Sports - Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research