Testosterone Differentially Affects T Cells and Neurons in Murine and Human Models of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration.

Testosterone Differentially Affects T Cells and Neurons in Murine and Human Models of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Am J Pathol. 2017 Jul;187(7):1613-1622 Authors: Massa MG, David C, Jörg S, Berg J, Gisevius B, Hirschberg S, Linker RA, Gold R, Haghikia A Abstract The high female-to-male sex ratio of multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence has continuously confounded researchers, especially in light of male patients' accelerated disease course at later stages of MS. Although multiple studies have concentrated on estrogenic mechanisms of disease modulation, fairly little attention has been paid to androgenic effects in a female system, and even fewer studies have attempted to dissociate hormonal effects on the neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory processes of MS. Herein, we demonstrate the differential effects of hormone treatment on the acute inflammatory and chronic neurodegenerative phases of murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Although s.c. treatment with testosterone and aromatase inhibitor applied beginning on the day of immunization ameliorated initial course of disease, similar treatment administered therapeutically exacerbated chronic disease course. Spinal cord analyses of axonal densities reflected the clinical scores of the chronic phase. In vitro, testosterone treatment not only decreased Th1 and Th17 differentiation in an aromatase-independent fashion, but also exacerbated cell death in induced pl...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - Category: Pathology Authors: Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research