Nasal CPAP for neonatal respiratory support in low and middle-income countries

The use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for neonatal respiratory support is increasing in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). WHO recommends its use in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.1 Although the development of low-cost delivery systems has increased the availability of CPAP, it is not a simple intervention. Our experience of introducing NCPAP into LMICs including Rwanda, Malawi, Armenia, Papua New Guinea and other countries indicates that many issues need addressing for its successful introduction and use. The role of CPAP in helping reduce neonatal mortality Globally, neonatal deaths now account for 45% of under-5 mortality.2 The three main causes of neonatal mortality—prematurity, sepsis and intrapartum-related conditions—are all associated with respiratory distress, and so effective respiratory support could greatly improve neonatal outcomes. CPAP prevents alveolar collapse at end-expiration, helps to stabilise the chest wall and reduce the work of breathing. Thus,...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Tags: Leading articles Source Type: research