25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations during fetal life and bone health in children aged 6 years: a population-based prospective cohort study
We examined associations using multivariable linear regression models, adjusted for several sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, and for child's height. Findings We enrolled 9901 mother-and-child pairs and obtained both mid-pregnancy maternal 25(OH)D concentrations and offspring DXA scans at age 6 years in 4815 pairs. Severe maternal 25(OH)D deficiency (<25 nmol/L) during mid-pregnancy was associated with higher offspring BMC (4·71 g, 95% CI 1·09 to 8·33; p=0·011) and larger bone area (7·54 cm2, 2·99 to 12·11; p=0·001) at age 6 years, compared with maternal 25(OH)D sufficiency (≥50 nmol/L) during mid-pregnancy. However, in a subgroup of children with available data on 25(OH)D concentrations at 6 years (n=3034), such associations for BMC (4·67 g, −0·05 to 9·39; p=0·052) and bone area (5·25 cm2, −0·41 to 10·91; p=0·069) were no longer significant after adjustment for the child's own 25(OH)D concentrations. No associations were seen between maternal 25(OH)D concentrations in mid-pregnancy and offspring bone mineral density (1·07 mg/cm2, −1·84 to 3·99; p=0·47) or area-adjusted BMC (−1·58 g, −4·72 to 1·61; p=0·32), and the association with skeletal parameters at 6 years did not differ by maternal BMI, maternal calcium intake, child sex, or weight status. Similar associations were seen with fetal 25(OH)D concentrations at birth. Interpretation We found inverse associations between 25(OH)D concentrations during fetal life with BMC an...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
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