Abstract IA14: Lung cancer risk, image-based markers and screening

Ann G. Schwartz, PhD, MPHLung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in the United States with an estimated 158,080 deaths in 2016 (accounting for 27% of all cancer deaths), and the second most frequent cancer diagnosed, behind breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men, with an estimated 224,390 new diagnoses in 2016. Incidence and mortality vary by race/ethnicity, with higher incidence rates seen in African Americans (67.0 per 100,000) as compared to whites (60.2 per 100,000), even though African Americans tend to smoke fewer cigarettes per day than whites. African Americans also have a median age at diagnosis 4-5 years younger than whites. Survival is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of about 19.7% and disparities in survival by race/ethnicity remain. Five-year survival is higher among whites (20.0%) than among African Americans (16.6%). The 5-year survival rate has changed little over time reflecting the late stage at diagnosis. Fifty-seven percent of lung cancer cases in 2005-2011 were diagnosed at distant stages with only a 4.2% 5-year survival. For the 16% of cases diagnosed with localized disease, 5-year survival is 54.8%.To dramatically improve survival, earlier diagnosis and improved treatments are needed. In the past few years, screening for lung cancer using low-dose computed tomography has proven effective in reducing mortality. In 2013, the US Preventive Services Task Force issued a recommendation for lung cancer screening for high-risk individu...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Lung Cancer: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research