Role Of Iodine In Metabolism.

Role Of Iodine In Metabolism. Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov. 2017 Jan 19; Authors: Zbigniew S Abstract The natural resources of iodine are seawater, seaweeds and saltpeter-nitrate deposits in Chile. Over 1/3 of the global population is exposed to iodine deficiency, especially in the mountains. Iodine is a component of the thyroid hormones and a strong antioxidant with electric potential of -0.54 V. Iodine as iodide is taken up by the thyroid gland, gastric mucosa, salivary glands and mammary glands in pregnant and breast-feeding women. The transport of iodine to the thyroid gland is regulated by specific enzymes: Natrium-Iodine Symporter, Na+/K+ATP-ase, Pendrin and Apical Iodine Transporter. In the thyrocytes, the thyroid hormones biosynthesis is carried out by iodization of tyrosine to T-3 and T-4. Secretion of T-3 and T-4 is regulated by TSH. On the tissue level, the active hormones are T-3 and its derivative thyroamine. The most important target is the cardiac muscle, where T-3 action results in an increase in the inotropic action and thyroamines exert a negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. The consequences of iodine deficiency are endemic goiter, irreversible brain damage - cretinism, impaired thyroid function and thyroid, gastric and mammary glands cancers. In 1994, the World Health Organization proposed the main strategy for iodine prophylaxis, i.e. Universal Salt Iodization. In Poland, a new model of iodin...
Source: Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Drug Discovery - Category: Endocrinology Tags: Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov Source Type: research