Group 1 innate lymphoid cells in metabolic disease
Immunology Interest Group Seminar Series
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently identified arm of the innate immune system that function to protect epithelial barriers against pathogens and maintain tissue homeostasis. Although ILCs can also promote pathology at mucosal sites such as the gut or lung, it remains unknown whether aberrant activation of tissue-resident ILCs can contribute to disease in non-barrier tissues. Here, we identify a subset of long-term adipose-resident ILC1 that are dependent on the transcription factors Nfil3 and T-bet, but phenotypically and functionally distinct from circulating mature natural killer cells. Diet-induced obesity drove early proinflammatory cytokine production in adipose tissue depots, leading to selective proliferation and accumulation of adipose-resident ILC1s. ILC1-derived IFN- γ was both necessary and sufficient to drive proinflammatory macrophage polarization to promote obesity-associated insulin resistance. Therefore, these findings suggest that adipose-resident ILC1s contribute to metabolic disease in response to dysregulated local inflammation.Air date: 1/25/2017 4:15:00 PM
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