Rapid Neuroinflammatory Response Localized to Injured Neurons After Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury in Swine.

Rapid Neuroinflammatory Response Localized to Injured Neurons After Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury in Swine. Exp Neurol. 2017 Jan 09;: Authors: Wofford KL, Harris JP, Browne KD, Brown DP, Grovola MR, Mietus CJ, Wolf JA, Duda JE, Putt ME, Spiller KL, Kacy Cullen D Abstract Despite increasing appreciation of the critical role that neuroinflammatory pathways play in brain injury and neurodegeneration, little is known about acute microglial reactivity following diffuse traumatic brain injury (TBI) - the most common clinical presentation that includes all concussions. Therefore, we investigated acute microglial reactivity using a porcine model of closed-head rotational velocity/acceleration-induced TBI that closely mimics the biomechanical etiology of inertial TBI in humans. We observed rapid microglial reactivity within 15min of both mild and severe TBI. Strikingly, microglial activation was restrained to regions proximal to individual injured neurons - as denoted by trauma-induced plasma membrane disruption - which served as epicenters of acute reactivity. Single-cell quantitative analysis showed that in areas free of traumatically permeabilized neurons, microglial density and morphology were similar between sham or following mild or severe TBI. However, microglia density increased and morphology shifted to become more reactive in proximity to injured neurons. Microglial reactivity around injured neurons was exacerbated following repeti...
Source: Experimental Neurology - Category: Neurology Authors: Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research
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