Effect of cryotherapy on pain management at puncture site of arterio-venous fistula among hemodialysis children
Conclusions Cryotherapy can effectively reduce the venipuncture pain among children with AVF undergoing maintenance HD. However, the confounding effects of distraction and the non-randomized design used must be both considered when interpreting the findings. This study recommends the use of cryotherapy in managing needle puncture pain. Further research must adopt a randomized trial design with a placebo to support further the benefits of this procedure.
Source: International Journal of Nursing Sciences - Category: Nursing Source Type: research
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