What constitutes optimal neurohumoral antagonism in chronic heart failure?

Learning objectives Understand physiological basis for neurohumoral responses in chronic heart failure. Understand current practices for initiating and maintaining optimal neurohumoral antagonism in chronic heart failure. Understand evidence basis for current practices, areas of controversy and possible future therapeutic options. Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a major global health problem with more than 23 million people affected worldwide.1 While a range of conditions can lead to the development of chronic HF, coronary artery disease or ischaemic heart disease is by far the dominating aetiology. Furthermore, ischaemic heart disease is associated with progressively worse prognosis in the lower ranges of systolic function.2 Other important causes of HF include, but are not limited to, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertension, myocarditis, atrial fibrillation.3 4 Evolutionary processes have provided us with robust neurohumoral responses to counter hypovolaemia due to causes...
Source: Heart - Category: Cardiology Authors: Tags: Education in Heart, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Heart failure, Hypertension Source Type: research