A new 3D center of mass control approach for FES-assisted standing: First experimental evaluation with a humanoid robot

Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are a frequent cause of disability and may result in the total or partial obstruction in the flow of both sensory and motor information below the level of the lesion [40]. In other words, the central nervous system (CNS) does not receive sensory feedback from body areas below the lesion level, and is unable to control muscles in these areas. Beside limited independence, individuals with paraplegia due to SCI face numerous medical problems, such as the loss of bone calcium, reduced bone density, urinary tract infections, spasticity, poor control of blood pressure, pressure sores, and/or muscular atrophy.
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Source Type: research