Understanding Genetic Heterogeneity in Type 2 Diabetes by Delineating Physiological Phenotypes: SIRT1 and its Gene Network in Impaired Insulin Secretion.

Understanding Genetic Heterogeneity in Type 2 Diabetes by Delineating Physiological Phenotypes: SIRT1 and its Gene Network in Impaired Insulin Secretion. Rev Diabet Stud. 2016;13(1):17-34 Authors: Ali S, Nafis S, Kalaiarasan P, Rai E, Sharma S, Bamezai RN Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease which shows an exponential increase in all parts of the world. However, the disease is controllable by early detection and modified lifestyle. A series of factors have been associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes, and genes are considered to play a critical role. The individual risk of developing T2D is determined by an altered genetic background of the en-zymes involved in several metabolism-related biological mechanisms, including glucose homeostasis, insulin metab-olism, the glucose and ion transporters involved in glucose uptake, transcription factors, signaling intermediates of insulin signaling pathways, insulin production and secretion, pancreatic tissue development, and apoptosis. However, many candidate genes have shown heterogeneity of associations with the disease in different populations. A possible approach to resolving this complexity and under-standing genetic heterogeneity is to delineate the physiological phenotypes one by one as studying them in combination may cause discrepancies in association studies. A systems biology approach involving regulatory proteins, transcription factors, and microRNAs i...
Source: Review of Diabetic Studies - Category: Endocrinology Tags: Rev Diabet Stud Source Type: research