Flexible ureteroscopy for lower calyceal stones in a horseshoe kidney – Is it the new treatment of choice?

Conclusion RIRS for the treatment of stone disease in horseshoe kidneys has been shown to be a relatively safe and effective procedure. However, due to the anatomical abnormality, a second look may be needed to render the patient completely stone-free.
Source: African Journal of Urology - Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research