Bisphosphonates: pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, mechanisms of action, clinical applications in children, and effects on tooth development

Publication date: Available online 22 January 2016 Source:Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology Author(s): Ana Prates Soares, Renan Fernandes do Espírito Santo, Sérgio Roberto Peres Line, Maria das Graças Farias Pinto, Pablo de Moura Santos, Maria Betânia Pereira Toralles, Alexandre Ribeiro do Espírito Santo Bisphosphonates (BPs) avidly bind to calcium crystals and inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, making them useful for treatment of skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, osteogenesis imperfecta and metastatic bone diseases. BPs therapeutically act by causing toxic effects on osteoclasts or interfering with specific intracellular pathways in those cells. BPs that possess nitrogen in their composition are called nitrogen-containing BPs (NBPs) and include alendronate, pamidronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronate. Simple BPs or non-NBPs don’t have nitrogen in their composition, include etiodronate and clodronate, and were the first to be tested in animals and clinically used. Because BPs may be administered to pregnant women or children during deciduous and permanent teeth development, it is expected that they might disturb tooth eruption and development. It is presented a review of current literature on pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, mechanisms of action, and clinical applications of BPs in children, and their effects on tooth eruption and development.
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research