Molecular and Genomic Alterations in Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Molecular and Genomic Alterations in Glioblastoma Multiforme.
Am J Pathol. 2015 May 11;
Authors: Crespo I, Vital AL, Gonzalez-Tablas M, Del Carmen Patino M, Otero A, Lopes MC, de Oliveira C, Domingues P, Orfao A, Tabernero MD
Abstract
In recent years, important advances have been achieved in the understanding of the molecular biology of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM); thus, complex genetic alterations and genomic profiles, which recurrently involve multiple signaling pathways, have been defined, leading to the first molecular/genetic classification of the disease. In this regard, different genetic alterations and genetic pathways appear to distinguish primary (eg, EGFR amplification) versus secondary (eg, IDH1/2 or TP53 mutation) GBM. Such genetic alterations target distinct combinations of the growth factor receptor-ras signaling pathways, as well as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/phosphatase and tensin homolog/AKT, retinoblastoma/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) N2A-p16(INK4A), and TP53/mouse double minute (MDM) 2/MDM4/CDKN2A-p14(ARF) pathways, in cells that present features associated with key stages of normal neurogenesis and (normal) central nervous system cell types. This translates into well-defined genomic profiles that have been recently classified by The Cancer Genome Atlas Consortium into four subtypes: classic, mesenchymal, proneural, and neural GBM. Herein, we review the most relevant genetic alterations of primary versus sec...

Source: The American Journal of Pathology - May 11, 2015 Category: Pathology Authors: Crespo I, Vital AL, Gonzalez-Tablas M, Del Carmen Patino M, Otero A, Lopes MC, de Oliveira C, Domingues P, Orfao A, Tabernero MD Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research