Disturbed functional connectivity within the left prefrontal cortex and sensorimotor areas predicts impaired cognitive speed in patients with first-episode schizophrenia
This study aimed at identifying abnormal cortico-cortical functional connectivity patterns that could predict cognitive slowing in patients with schizophrenia. A group of thirty-two patients with the first-episode schizophrenia and comparable healthy controls underwent resting-state qEEG and cognitive assessment. Phase Lag Index (PLI) was applied as a connectivity index and the synchronizations were analyzed in six frequencies. Pairs of electrodes were grouped to separately cover frontal, temporal, central, parietal and occipital regions. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - March 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Pawe ł Krukow, Kamil Jonak, Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz, Arkadiusz Podkowiński, Katarzyna Jonak, Magdalena Borys, Michał Harciarek Source Type: research
Increased sensorimotor network connectivity associated with clozapine eligibility in people with schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder that exhibits variable responsiveness to treatment between individuals. Here we conducted a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) study to determine whether resistance to first-line antipsychotics is reflected in resting-state connectivity. rs-fMRI data were collected from 15 people who had failed to respond to first-line antipsychotics (clozapine-eligible) and 10 first-line treatment responders (FLR). Image pre-processing and analysis were performed using FMRIB's software library (FSL). (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Carolyn Beth McNabb, Frederick Sundram, Ian Soosay, Robert R. Kydd, Bruce Roy Russell Source Type: research
Functional network abnormalities consistent with behavioral profile in Autism Spectrum Disorder
In this study, the iCAPs model was employed to find functional imaging biomarkers for ASD in resting-state fMRI data.MRI data from 125 ASD patients and 243 healthy controls was selected from the online ABIDE data repository. Following standard fMRI preprocessing steps, the iCAP patterns were fitted to the data to obtain network time series. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 20, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ren é Besseling, Rolf Lamerichs, Britt Michels, Stephan Heunis, Anton de Louw, Anton Tijhuis, Jan Bergmans, Bert Aldenkamp Source Type: research
Short Communication: Sex-linked differences in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are related to social functioning in autism spectrum disorder
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was utilized to investigate sex differences in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) between adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) controls. GABA at the right superior temporal sulcus (STS) is reported for 12 ASD and 14 NT participants. The results show no group differences in GABA. There was, however, a significant positive association between GABA at the STS and autism-related social impairments in females with ASD. These findings provide preliminary support for sex differences in GABAergic distribution and processes that contribute to social functioning in ASD. (...
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 20, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Melissa Kirkovski, Chao Suo, Peter Gregory Enticott, Murat Y ücel, Paul Bernard Fitzgerald Source Type: research
Functional network abnormalities consistent with behavioral profile in Autism Spectrum Disorder
In this study, the iCAPs model was employed to find functional imaging biomarkers for ASD in resting-state fMRI data.MRI data from 125 ASD patients and 243 healthy controls was selected from the online ABIDE data repository. Following standard fMRI preprocessing steps, the iCAP patterns were fitted to the data to obtain network time series. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 20, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ren é Besseling, Rolf Lamerichs, Britt Michels, Stephan Heunis, Anton de Louw, Anton Tijhuis, Jan Bergmans, Bert Aldenkamp Source Type: research
Theta burst stimulation on social cognition and N-Acetyl aspartate in two patients with schizophrenia
In this study we reported a new treatment by iTBS applied to MPFC in patients with schizophrenia and its impact on social cognition and on the levels of N Acetyl Aspartate (NAA), a marker of neuronal viability. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 18, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: F. Briend, C. Nathou, F. Kauffmann, N. Delcroix, L. Lecardeur, O. Etard, S. Dollfus Source Type: research
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(Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 13, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Decreased hemodynamic response in inferior frontotemporal regions in elderly with mild cognitive impairment
The verbal fluency task (VFT) is a well-established cognitive marker for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the prodromal stage of Alzheimer ´s dementia (AD). The behavioral VFT performance of patients allows the prediction of dementia two years later. But effective compensatory mechanism might cover or reduce the predictive value of the VFT. Therefore the aim of this study is to measure the hemodynamic response during VFT in patients w ith mild cognitive impairments (MCI) to establish the hemodynamic response during the VFT as a screening instrument for the prediction of dementia. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Andrea Katzorke, Julia B.M. Zeller, Laura D. M üller, Martin Lauer, Thomas Polak, Jürgen Deckert, Martin J. Herrmann Source Type: research
Quantitative comparisons of three automated methods for estimating intracranial volume: a study of 270 longitudinal magnetic resonance images
Total intracranial volume (TIV) is often used as a measure of brain size to correct for individual variability in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based morphometric studies. An adjustment of TIV can greatly increase the statistical power of brain morphometry methods. As such, an accurate and precise TIV estimation is of great importance in MRI studies. In this paper, we compared three automated TIV estimation methods (multi-atlas likelihood fusion (MALF), statistical parametric mapping 8 (SPM8) and FreeSurfer (FS)) using longitudinal T1-weighted MR images in a cohort of 70 older participants at elevated sociodemographic r...
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Xiaoyan Shang, Michelle C. Carlson, Xiaoying Tang Source Type: research
Blood perfusion in left inferior and middle frontal gyrus predicts communication skills in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is one of the most debilitating mental disorders, severely affecting patients ’ community functioning. Functional capacity (FC) describes the skills necessary for successful functional outcome (FO), such as financial knowledge or communication skills. We investigated whether resting-state cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured at baseline with arterial spin labeling (ASL) woul d predict FC or FO at a 6-months follow-up in 27 schizophrenia patients. A negative linear association was noted between FC and rCBF in the left inferior and middle frontal gyrus, areas involved in language processing, suggesting a poten...
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 9, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Andrea Cantisani, Katharina Stegmayer, Andrea Federspiel, Stephan Bohlhalter, Roland Wiest, Sebastian Walther Source Type: research
Neural correlates of intimate picture stimuli in females
Jacob et al. (2011) previously reported on intimate picture stimuli for emotion research in females in Psychiatry Research. Difficulties to engage in intimate relations constitute problems of many mental disorders, and intimacy must be differentiated from pure sex drive. Functional neuroimaging is an important tool to understand the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. We now studied cerebral activation in response to intimate stimuli in 35 healthy women. Comparison stimuli were taken from the International Affective Picture System. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Simon Maier, Julia Spiegelberg, Gitta Jacob, Linda van Zutphen, Almut Zeeck, Armin Hartmann, Oliver T üscher, Lukas Holovics, Ludger Tebartz van Elst, Andreas Joos Source Type: research
Left prefrontal neuronavigated electrode localization in tDCS: 10 –20 EEG system versus MRI-guided neuronavigation
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) involves positioning two electrodes at specifically targeted locations on the human scalp. In neuropsychiatric research, the anode is often placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), while the cathode is positioned over a contralateral cephalic region above the eye, referred-to as the supraorbital region. Although the 10 –20 EEG system is frequently used to locate the DLPFC, due to inter-subject brain variability, this method may lack accuracy. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sara De Witte, Debby Klooster, Josefien Dedoncker, Romain Duprat, Jonathan Remue, Chris Baeken Source Type: research
