Diazoxide and moderate ‐intensity exercise improve skeletal muscle function by decreasing oxidants and enhancing antioxidant defenses in hypertensive male rats
AbstractHigh sodium intake is decisive in the incidence increase and prevalence of hypertension, which has an impact on skeletal muscle functionality. Diazoxide is an antihypertensive agent that inhibits insulin secretion and is an opener of KATP channels (adosine triphosphate sensitive potasium channels). For this reason, it is hypothesized that moderate-intensity exercise and diazoxide improve skeletal muscle function by reducing the oxidants in hypertensive rats. Male Wistar rats were assigned into eight groups: control (CTRL), diazoxide (DZX), exercise (EX), exercise + diazoxide (EX + DZX), hypertension (HTN),...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 24, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Estefan ía Bravo Sánchez,
César J. Nolasco Ruíz,
Mariana Gómez‐Barroso,
Christian Cortés Rojo,
Alain R. Rodríguez Orozco,
Alfredo Saavedra Molina,
Salvador Manzo Ávalos,
Rocío Montoya Pérez Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Exome sequencing in extreme altitude mountaineers identifies pathogenic variants in RTEL1 and COL6A1 previously associated with respiratory failure
AbstractAdaptation of humans to challenging environmental conditions, such as extreme temperature, malnutrition, or hypoxia, is an interesting phenomenon for both basic and applied research. Identification of the genetic factors contributing to human adaptation to these conditions enhances our understanding of the underlying molecular and physiological mechanisms. In our study, we analyzed the exomes of 22 high altitude mountaineers to uncover genetic variants contributing to hypoxic adaptation. To our surprise, we identified two putative loss-of-function variants, rs1385101139 inRTEL1 and rs1002726737 inCOL6A1 in two extr...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 24, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Evgeniia M. Maksiutenko,
Valeriia Merkureva,
Yury A. Barbitoff,
Victoria V. Tsay,
Mikhail V. Aseev,
Andrey S. Glotov,
Oleg S. Glotov Tags: SHORT REPORT Source Type: research
A novel mouse model carrying a gene trap insertion into the Hmgxb4 gene locus to examine Hmgxb4 expression in vivo
AbstractHMG (high mobility group) proteins are a diverse family of nonhistone chromosomal proteins that interact with DNA and a wide range of transcriptional regulators to regulate the structural architecture of DNA. HMGXB4 (also known as HMG2L1) is an HMG protein family member that contains a single HMG box domain. Our previous studies have demonstrated that HMGXB4 suppresses smooth muscle differentiation and exacerbates endotoxemia by promoting a systemic inflammatory response in mice. However, the expression ofHmgxb4 in vivo has not fully examined. Herein, we generated a mouse model that harbors a gene trap in the for...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 22, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Liang Wang,
Xiangqin He,
Guoqing Hu,
Jinhua Liu,
Xiuhua Kang,
Luyi Yu,
Kunzhe Dong,
Juanjuan Zhao,
Aizhen Zhang,
Wei Zhang,
Michael W. Brands,
Huabo Su,
Zeqi Zheng,
Jiliang Zhou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Comparative analysis of ventricular stiffness across species
This article reviews the potential, utility, and limitations of using normalized EDPVR analysis in recent studies. Herein, we measur ed and ranked ventricular stiffness in differently sized and shaped chambers using ex vivo ventricular pressure-volume analysis data from four animals: Wistar rats, red-eared slider turtles, masu salmon, and cherry salmon. Furthermore, we have discussed the mechanical effects of intracellular and e xtracellular viscoelastic components, Titin (Connectin) filaments, collagens, physiological sarcomere length, and other factors that govern ventricular stiffness. Our review provides insights into...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 22, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Yuu Usui,
Akira Hanashima,
Ken Hashimoto,
Misaki Kimoto,
Momoko Ohira,
Satoshi Mohri Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Inhibition of superoxide and iNOS augment cutaneous nitric oxide ‐dependent vasodilation in non‐Hispanic black young adults
AbstractWe assessed the combined effect of superoxide and iNOS inhibition on microvascular function in non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White participants (n = 15 per group). Participants were instrumented with four microdialysis fibers: (1) lactated Ringer's (control), (2) 10 μM tempol (superoxide inhibition), (3) 0.1 mM 1400 W (iNOS inhibition), (4) tempol + 1400 W. Cutaneous vasodilation was induced via local heating and NO-dependent vas odilation was quantified. At control sites, NO-dependent vasodilation was lower in non-Hispanic Black (45 ± 9% NO) relative to non-Hispanic White (79 ± 9% NO;p...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 20, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Brett J. Wong,
Casey G. Turner,
Matthew J. Hayat,
Jeffrey S. Otis,
Arshed A. Quyyumi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
The effect of physical activity on cytokine levels in adults living with type 1 diabetes —a preliminary study
In conclusion, the findings from this study allow to indicate that moderate level of physical activity may contribute to a reduction in the development of systemic low-grade inflammation in patients with T1DM, and thus, may reduce the risk of CVD. (Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - April 19, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Ma łgorzata Kowal,
Renata Woźniacka,
Anna Ścisłowska‐Czarnecka,
Joanna Homa,
Wojciech Głodzik Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
The analgesic effects of insulin and its disorders in streptozotocin ‐induced short‐term diabetes
This study aimed to investigate the effects of peripheral insulin deficiency on pain pathways in the brain. Diabetes was induced in 60 male rats with streptozotocin (STZ). Insulin was injected into the left ventricle of the brain by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection, then pain was induced by subcutaneous injection of 2.5% formalin. Samples were collected at 4 weeks after STZ injection. Dopamine (DA), serotonin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial glutathione (mGSH) were measured by ELISA, and gene factors were assessed by RT-qPCR. In diabetic rats, the levels of DA, serotonin, and mGSH decreased in th...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 19, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Ali Mohammad Basatinya,
Javad Sajedianfard,
Saeed Nazifi,
Saied Hosseinzadeh Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Sex differences in cachexia and branched ‐chain amino acid metabolism following chemotherapy in mice
Sex differences in chemotherapy-induced cachexia are linked to altered BCAA handling. AbstractChemotherapy is a major contributor to cachexia, but studies often investigate male animals. Here, we investigated whether sex modifies the effects of chemotherapy on cachexia and BCAA metabolism. Ten-week-old CD2F1 male and female mice were treated with the chemotherapy drug cocktail folfiri (50 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil, 90 mg/kg leucovorin, and 24 mg/kg CPT11) (drug) or vehicle twice a week for 6 weeks. Insulin tolerance tests were conducted and BCAA levels and metabolism were measured in plasma and tissues. Drug treatment ...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Stephen Mora,
Gagandeep Mann,
Olasunkanmi A. J. Adegoke Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Inconsequential role for chemerin ‐like receptor 1 in the manifestation of ozone‐induced lung pathophysiology in male mice
AbstractWe executed this study to determine if chemerin-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), aGi/o protein-coupled receptor expressed by leukocytes and non-leukocytes, contributes to the development of phenotypic features of non-atopic asthma, including airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to acetyl- β-methylcholine chloride, lung hyperpermeability, airway epithelial cell desquamation, and lung inflammation. Accordingly, we quantified sequelae of non-atopic asthma in wild-type mice and mice incapable of expressing CMKLR1 (CMKLR1-deficient mice) following cessation of acute inhalation exposure t o either filtered room air (air) or ozone ...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Richard A. Johnston,
Albert W. Pilkington IV,
Constance L. Atkins,
Theresa E. Boots,
Philip L. Brown,
William T. Jackson,
Chantal Y. Spencer,
Saad R. Siddiqui,
Ikram U. Haque Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Reply to “letter to the editor: Measuring renal hemodynamics during exercise using Doppler ultrasound”
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - April 17, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Shotaro Kawakami,
Tetsuhiko Yasuno,
Saki Kawakami,
Ai Ito,
Kanta Fujimi,
Takuro Matsuda,
Shihoko Nakashima,
Kosuke Masutani,
Yoshinari Uehara,
Yasuki Higaki,
Ryoma Michishita Tags: LETTER TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research
Measuring renal hemodynamics during exercise using doppler ultrasound
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - April 17, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Christopher L. Chapman,
Rachel C. Drew,
John R. Halliwill,
Christopher T. Minson,
Zachary J. Schlader Tags: LETTER TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research
Niacin supplementation attenuates the regression of three ‐dimensional capillary architecture in unloaded female rat skeletal muscle
In this study involving adult female Sprague –Dawley rats, the animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control (CON), hindlimb unloading (HU), NA, and HU with NA supplementation (HU + NA). For a period of 2 weeks, the rats in the HU and HU + NA groups underwent HU, while those in the NA and HU + NA groups received NA (750 mg/kg) twice daily through oral administration. The results demonstrated that HU lowered capillary number, luminal diameter, and capillary volume, as well as decreased succinate dehydrogenase activity, slow fiber composition, and PGC-1α expression within the soleus muscle....
Source: Physiological Reports - April 17, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Hao Lin,
Jihao Xing,
Han Pan,
Takumi Hirabayashi,
Noriaki Maeshige,
Ryosuke Nakanishi,
Hiroyo Kondo,
Hidemi Fujino Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Differential effects of cholecalciferol and calcitriol on muscle proteolysis and oxidative stress in angiotensin II ‐induced C2C12 myotube atrophy
Cholecalciferol exhibited beneficial roles, whereas calcitriol possessed the negative impact on skeletal muscle proteostasis in angiotensin II-induced muscle atrophy. AbstractRenin –angiotensin system activation contributes to skeletal muscle atrophy in aging individuals with chronic diseases. We aimed to explore the effects of cholecalciferol (VD3) and calcitriol (1,25VD3) on signaling of muscle proteolysis and oxidative stress in myotubes challenged with angiotensin II (AII). The mouse C2C12 myotubes were assigned to vehicle, AII, AII + VD3, AII + 1,25VD3, and AII + losartan groups. The expression levels...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 17, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Muthita Hirunsai,
Ratchakrit Srikuea Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Voluntary exercise fails to prevent metabolic dysfunction ‐associated steatotic liver disease progression in male rats fed a high‐fat high‐cholesterol diet
AbstractMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major public health issue with a worldwide prevalence of 30% –32%. In animal models, voluntary exercise may be an alternative to forced physical activity, avoiding stress, potential injuries, and being logistically simpler. Here, we assessed voluntary exercise (Vex) in Sprague–Dawley rats fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 18 weeks to induce MASL D. We quantified workload (speed and distance) using exercise wheels and evaluated energy expenditure using calorimetric cages. MASLD progression was assessed using circulating and hepatic b...
Source: Physiological Reports - April 17, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Cl ément Besqueut‐Rougerie,
Vivien Chavanelle,
Arnaud Michaux,
Yolanda F. Otero,
Pascal Sirvent,
James A. King,
Gaël Ennequin Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - April 16, 2024 Category: Physiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
