Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Congenital Heart Diseases: The Pooled Results Based on the Current Evidence
In conclusion, based on the latest evidence, maternal EDC exposure may increase CHD risks in human offspring, especially in heavy metal exposure conditions. (Source: Pediatric Cardiology)
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 11, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Effect of Maternal Race, Residential Rurality, and Social Vulnerability on Critical Congenital Heart Defect Risk
This study explored whether maternal race and lived environment were associated with an infant being born with a critical CHD. A cross-sectional, case –control design was conducted utilizing secondary data analysis. The CHD group (N = 199) consisted of infants diagnosed with a critical CHD within the first year of life identified from hospital databases. The non-CHD group (N = 548) was a random sample of infants selected from the state’s vital statistics database. The primary outcome was a critical CHD diagnosis. Maternal race, residential rurality, and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) were assessed for ass...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Aberrant Subclavian Artery in Interrupted Aortic Arch with Severe Aortic Outlet Obstruction: Cerebral Blood Flow as a Possible Determinant of Embryonic Cardiovascular Development?
AbstractAberrant subclavian artery (ASCA) is frequently observed in interrupted aortic arch (IAA) with aortic/subaortic obstruction. Developmental significance of ASCA in IAA in utero remains elusive. Newborns with prenatally diagnosed isolated IAA under continuous prostaglandin E1 infusion were studied. Cross-sectional areas of aortic valve opening (AVOCSA) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDACSA) were represented by echocardiographic measurement of (diameter)2 indexed by body surface area (m2). Types of IAA and presence of ASCA were examined in relation to sizes of AVOCSA and PDACSA. Twenty-four newborns with IAA (six type ...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 5, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
ALCAPA in Children with Complex Congenital Heart Disease: A Multicenter Study
AbstractWe sought to report characteristics and outcomes of children with complex anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) and to compare the outcomes to children with isolated ALCAPA. We performed a retrospective data analysis of children with ALCAPA who underwent cardiac surgery between 1/2009 and 3/2018 at 21 centers. Characteristics and outcomes of patients with complex ALCAPA are provided using descriptive statistics. O utcomes were compared between complex ALCAPA and isolated ALCAPA using Fisher’s exact test. We reviewed 258 patients who underwent surgical repair of ALCAPA at 21 centers. ...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 3, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Deep Learning for Automated Measurement of Total Cardiac Volume for Heart Transplantation Size Matching
This study aims to determine the accuracy of a Deep Learning (DL) approach using 3-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (3D-CNN) to calculate TCV, with the clinical aim of enabling fast and accurate TCV use at all transplant centers. Ground truth TCV was segmented on CT scans of subjects aged 0 –30 years, identified retrospectively. Ground truth segmentation masks were used to train and test a custom 3D-CNN model consisting of a DenseNet architecture in combination with residual blocks of ResNet architecture. The model was trained on a cohort of 270 subjects and a validation cohort of 4 4 subjects (36 normal, 8 hea...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 3, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Update on Prenatal Detection Rate of Critical Congenital Heart Disease Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
In conclusion, prenatal detection of CCHD among newborns presenting for cardiac intervention appeared to have improved during the pandemic period. (Source: Pediatric Cardiology)
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 3, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Prioritize Variant Reclassification in Pediatric Long QT Syndrome —Time to Revisit
AbstractCongenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited arrhythmia syndrome associated with sudden cardiac death. Accurate interpretation and classification of genetic variants in LQTS patients are crucial for effective management. All patients with LQTS with a positive genetic test over the past 18 years (2002–2020) in our single tertiary pediatric cardiac center were identified. Reevaluation of the reported variants in LQTS genes was conducted using the American College of Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guideline after refinement by the US ClinGen SVI working group and guideline by Walsh et al. on genetic variant re...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 2, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
School Readiness in Preschool-Age Children with Critical Congenital Heart Disease
This study examined the nature, variability, and predictors of school readiness difficulties in young children with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). We hypothesized that, compared to a community control (CC) group, children with CCHD would score less well on measures of readiness and that readiness would be associated with CCHD-related risk factors. Children (60 CCHD and 60 CC) were 4 to 5 years of age and not yet attending kindergarten. Readiness measures included tests of cognition, executive function, motor ability, and pre-academic skills. Caregivers provided child behavior ratings. Analyses examined group dif...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 1, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
15-Year Analysis of Surgical Approaches and Outcomes for Coarctation in 132 Neonates and Infants
The objective of this study is to evaluate operative characteristics and outcomes of all neonates and infants who underwent surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta or hypoplastic aortic arch at University of Florida from 2006 to 2021, inclusive, either in isolation or with concomitant repair of atrial septal defect (ASD) and/or ventricular septal defect (VSD). A retrospective review was performed of 132 patients aged 0 –1 year who underwent surgical repair of aortic coarctation or hypoplastic aortic arch between 2006 and 2021, inclusive, either in isolation or with concomitant repair of ASD and/or VSD. Patients were ...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - April 1, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Association of Prenatally Diagnosed Isolated Single Left Superior Vena Cava and Postnatal Development of Coarctation of the Aorta
AbstractTo report the prevalence of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in fetuses with single left superior vena cava (SL-SVC) and to evaluate changes in echocardiographic measurements. Additionally, to report the prevalence of associated malformations. Retrospective observational study of fetuses diagnosed with SL-SVC between 2012 and 2021 at a tertiary fetal cardiology unit. In fetuses without intracardiac abnormalities, Z-scores of the ventricles, great arteries, and Doppler flow patterns are reported. We identified 47 fetuses with SL-SVC of which 8/47 (17%) had abnormal intracardiac anatomy. One fetus was lost to follow-up...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Quantitative Analysis of Morphology and Function in the Fetal Heart with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation by Speckle Tracking Imaging
AbstractMorphology and function in a fetal heart with severe tricuspid regurgitation remains challenging. The aim of this study was to assess cardiac morphology and function in fetuses with severe tricuspid regurgitation by fetal heart quantification (HQ) and to assess the practical value of fetal HQ. Clinical information was analyzed for 63 pregnant women who underwent fetal cardiac ultrasonography. The women were divided into those who had a fetus with severe tricuspid regurgitation (n = 20) and those with a normal fetus (n = 40). The global sphericity index (GSI), fractional area change (FAC), and global longit...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Prenatal Predictors for Pulmonary Balloon Valvuloplasty in the Newborn
AbstractPulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) is the treatment of choice for subjects with isolated pulmonary valve stenosis (IPS). The purpose of this study was to define fetal echocardiographic features associated with an inpatient PBV prior to newborn hospital discharge and characterize resource utilization of IPS fetuses among participating centers. Six center, retrospective case series of singleton fetuses identified between 2010 and 2020 with IPS. Third-trimester echocardiogram data was compared with postnatal data, included pulmonary valve Doppler velocities, pulmonary valve insufficiency and ductus arteriosus flow ...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
X-ray Doses in Relation to Body Mass, Indication, and Substrate During Pediatric Electrophysiological Procedures on the Heart
AbstractThe main goal of this study is to determine typical values of dose area product (DAP) and difference in the effective dose (ED) for pediatric electrophysiological procedures on the heart in relation to patient body mass. This paper also shows DAP and ED in relation to the indication, the arrhythmia substrate determined during the procedure, and in relation to the reason for using radiation. Organ doses are described as well. The subjects were children who have had an electrophysiological study done with a 3D mapping system and X-rays in two healthcare institutions. Children with congenital heart defects were exclud...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Development and Initial Validation of a Frailty Score for Pediatric Patients with Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease
AbstractFrailty is a multi-dimensional clinical syndrome that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and decreased quality of life. Children/adolescents with heart disease (HD) perform significantly worse for each frailty domain compared to non-HD peers. Our study aimed to create a composite frailty score (CFS) that can be applied to children/adolescents with HD and evaluate associations between the CFS and outcomes. Children and adolescents (n = 30) with HD (73% single ventricle, 20% heart failure, 7% pulmonary hypertension) were recruited from 2016 to 2017 (baseline). Five frailty domains were assessed ...
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Effects of Implementing a Standardized Surveillance Program on Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Program Referral Completion
This study describes the successful implementation of a standardized surveillance program, including improvements to referral volume and com pletion rate. Findings also support implementation of methods that emphasize physician surveillance methods and improve accessibility for historically marginalized groups at greatest risk for disparities in access and quality of care. (Source: Pediatric Cardiology)
Source: Pediatric Cardiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
