Comfort food concepts and contexts in which they are used: A scoping review protocol
The objectives of this study are to clarify the scientific definition of comfort food, identify which methodologies are being used in research on this topic and which factors are associated with the consumption of comfort food. IntroductionThe consumption of comfort foods is subjective and influenced by individual experiences, as they are known and appreciated by the person. However, divergences about the definition of comfort food in the scientific literature reflect the heterogeneity of the methods used in the research, and consequently identification of possible factors associated with the consumption of this type of fo...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Juliana Miranda Pereira Source Type: research
From sabers to spikes: A newfangled reconstruction of the ancient, giant, sexually dimorphic Pacific salmon, † < i > Oncorhynchus rastrosus < /i > (SALMONINAE: SALMONINI)
by Kerin M. Claeson, Brian L. Sidlauskas, Ray Troll, Zabrina M. Prescott, Edward B. Davis
The impressive †Oncorhynchus rastrosus of the Pacific Northwest ’s Miocene and Pliocene eras was the largest salmonid ever to live. It sported a hypertrophied premaxilla with a pair of enlarged teeth which the original describers reconstructed as projecting ventrally into the mouth, leading them to assign the species to “Smilodonichthys, ” a genus now in synonymy. Through CT reconstruction of the holotype and newly collected specimens, we demonstrate that the famed teeth projected laterally like tusks, not ventrally like sabe...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kerin M. Claeson Source Type: research
How do social networks, perception of social isolation, and loneliness affect depressive symptoms among Japanese adults?
ConclusionsResults indicate that interventions of psychological approaches, such as cognitive –behavioral therapy, are effective in reducing the perception of social isolation and loneliness, which may lead to the prevention of depressive symptoms. Future longitudinal studies are expected to refine and strengthen the proposed model. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Natsuho Kushibiki Source Type: research
Tesofensine, a novel antiobesity drug, silences GABAergic hypothalamic neurons
by Claudia I. Perez, Jorge Luis-Islas, Axel Lopez, Xarenny Diaz, Omar Molina, Benjamin Arroyo, Mario G. Moreno, Elvi Gil Lievana, Esmeralda Fonseca, Gilberto Casta ñeda-Hernández, Ranier Gutierrez
Obesity is a major global health epidemic that has adverse effects on both the people affected as well as the cost to society. Several anti-obesity drugs that target GLP-1 receptors have recently come to the market. Here, we describe the effects of tesofensine, a novel anti-obesity drug that acts as a triple monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake inhibitor. Using various techniques, we investigated its effects on weight loss and ...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Claudia I. Perez Source Type: research
Fecal DNA metabarcoding helps characterize the Canada jay ’s diet and confirms its reliance on stored food for winter survival and breeding
by Alex O. Sutton, Dan Strickland, Jacob Lachapelle, Robert G. Young, Robert Hanner, Daniel F. Brunton, Jeffrey H. Skevington, Nikole E. Freeman, D. Ryan Norris
Accurately determining the diet of wild animals can be challenging if food items are small, visible only briefly, or rendered visually unidentifiable in the digestive system. In some food caching species, an additional challenge is determining whether consumed diet items have been previously store d or are fresh. The Canada jay (Perisoreus canadensis) is a generalist resident of North American boreal and subalpine forests with anatomical and behavioural adaptation...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Alex O. Sutton Source Type: research
Rabbit intakes and predictors of their length of stay in animal shelters in British Columbia, Canada
by Ashley Sum Yin U., Cheng Yu Hou, Alexandra Protopopova
Domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) are the fourth most common species admitted to the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) shelter system. However, shelter data analysis has largely focused on cats and dogs and little is known about the population dynamics of rabbits in shelters. We analyzed five years of rabbit records (n = 1567) at the BC SPCA to identify trends in intake and predictors of length of stay (LOS) of rabbits. The majority of rabbits were surrendered by their owners (40.2%), with most rabbits being surrende...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ashley Sum Yin U. Source Type: research
Smoking as a risk factor for lower extremity peripheral artery disease in women compared to men: A systematic review and meta-analysis
DiscussionsFurther research is required to elucidate sex differences in the relationships between smoking and PAD, as the current evidence is limited and mixed. Tobacco-control programs should consider both sexes. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ying Xu Source Type: research
eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for improving organisational regility
by Niusha Shafiabady, Nick Hadjinicolaou, Nadeesha Hettikankanamage, Ehsan MohammadiSavadkoohi, Robert M. X. Wu, James Vakilian
Since the pandemic started, organisations have been actively seeking ways to improve their organisational agility and resilience (regility) and turn to Artificial Intelligence (AI) to gain a deeper understanding and further enhance their agility and regility. Organisations are turning to AI as a c ritical enabler to achieve these goals. AI empowers organisations by analysing large data sets quickly and accurately, enabling faster decision-making and building agility and resilience. This strategic...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Niusha Shafiabady Source Type: research
Effects of a dietary intervention on cardiometabolic risk and food consumption in a workplace
by Archana Shrestha, Dipesh Tamrakar, Bhawana Ghinanju, Deepa Shrestha, Parashar Khadka, Bikram Adhikari, Jayana Shrestha, Suruchi Waiwa, Prajjwal Pyakurel, Niroj Bhandari, Biraj Man Karmacharya, Akina Shrestha, Rajeev Shrestha, Rajendra Dev Bhatta, Vasanti Malik, Josiemer Mattei, Donna Spiegelman
BackgroundWorksite-based health programs have shown positive impacts on employee health and have led to significant improvements in cardiovascular risk factor profiles. We aimed to determine the effect of cafeteria intervention on cardio-metabolic risk factors diet in a worksite setting (Dhulikhel Hospital) in Nepal. MethodsIn th...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Archana Shrestha Source Type: research
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on Covid-19 incidence and mortality in the United States
ConclusionsAssociations between complete vaccination rates and COVID-19 incidence and mortality appeared to vary with shifts in the dominant variant, perhaps due to variations in vaccine efficacy by variant or to waning vaccine immunity over time. Vaccine boosters were associated with notable protection against Omicron disease and mortality. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fang Fang Source Type: research
Brief report: Effect of cardiac multi-morbidity on COVID hospitalization outcomes
by Fouad Chouairi, Edward Jaffe, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Marat Fudim
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has stretched healthcare resources thin and led to significant morbidity and mortality. There have been no studies utilizing national data to investigate the role of cardiac risk factors on outcomes of COVID hospitalizations. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cardiac multimorbidity on healthcare utilization and outcomes among COVID hospitalizations during the first year of the pandemic. MethodsUsing the national inpatient sample (NIS), we identified all adult hospital admissions with a primary diagnosis o...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fouad Chouairi Source Type: research
Structural equation modeling for the effects of family dysfunctions and communication on perceived mental health status among under/graduate students in the U.S.
ConclusionsPractitioners should recognize that improving positive communication skills within the family unit can be a realistic approach to supporting the perceived mental health of under/graduate students. Colleges/universities should offer regular education programs to promote an understanding of the relationship between family communication strategies and the mental health of under/graduate students. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: En-Jung Shon Source Type: research
When I am sixty-four … evaluating language markers of well-being in healthy aging narratives
by Tabea Meier, Matthias R. Mehl, Mike Martin, Andrea B. Horn
Natural language use is a promising candidate for the development of innovative measures of well-being to complement self-report measures. The type of words individuals use can reveal important psychological processes that underlie well-being across the lifespan. In this preregistered, cross-secti onal study, we propose a conceptual model of language markers of well-being and use written narratives about healthy aging (N = 701) and computerized text analysis (LIWC) to empirically validate the model. As hypothesized, we identified a model with three groups of la...
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tabea Meier Source Type: research
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with ischemic stroke
ConclusionsUtilizing a comprehensive array of fourteen readily accessible variables, a prognostic nomogram was meticulously formulated and rigorously validated to provide precise prognostication of short-term mortality within the ischemic stroke cohort. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lingyan Fang Source Type: research
The impact of diabetes on physical and mental health status and patient satisfaction after total hip and knee arthroplasty
ConclusionsFindings support that diabetes has a negative impact on improvements in physical health after TJA. Considering the growing prevalence of OA and diabetes in the population, our findings support the importance of perioperative screening and management of diabetes in patients undergoing TJA. (Source: PLoS One)
Source: PLoS One - April 24, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: J. Denise Power Source Type: research
