Rare myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma: a case report and literature review
We report a case of a middle-aged woman with a rapidly growing abdominal mass that was diagnosed as myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma, a recently recognised, rare and aggressive subtype of liposarcoma. The tumour exhibits a combination of histological features from both myxoid liposarcoma and pleomorphic liposarcoma. Genetic analysis revealed mutations in TP53 and RB1, along with widespread loss of heterozygosity. However, no DDIT3 gene translocation or MDM2/CDK4 gene amplification was detected. These genetic characteristics can be used to distinguish this type of liposarcoma from others. Two unusual gene fusion/rearrangement...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Shen, Y., Zhao, L., Li, A., Peng, Q., Liu, Q., Wang, L., Liu, Z. Tags: Short report Source Type: research
Dematiaceous fungal infections: clinical and pathologic conundrums
We report our institutional experience with diagnosis of dematiaceous fungal infections from 2005 to 2022 and highlight four instructive cases that clinically and pathologically mimicked other diseases for which the diagnosis was confirmed by fungal culture (one case) or supported by PCR with 28S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer primers (three cases). Two patients were immunocompromised and two had presumed exposure to the organism. In each highlighted case, fungal infection was not clinically suspected, and the pathologist was critical in making the diagnosis and ensuring appropriate clinical management, which was sup...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Hartsough, E. M., Foreman, R. K., Martinez-Lage, M., Branda, J., Sohani, A. R., Zukerberg, L. Tags: Short report Source Type: research
Circulating IL-6 is associated with disease progression in BRAFwt metastatic melanoma patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy
Conclusion
The evidence in this study implies that baseline IL-6 could be a biomarker of DP and poor prognosis in BRAFwt MM patients treated with pembrolizumab. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Mirjacic Martinovic, K., Vuletic, A., Tisma Miletic, N., Matkovic, S., Gavrilovic, D., Ninkovic, A., Jurisic, V., Babovic, N. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Correlation of immediate prevalence of cervical precancers and cancers with HPV genotype and age in women with ASC-US/hrHPV+: a retrospective analysis of 2292 cases
Conclusion
Women with ASC-US/hrHPV+ are at significant risk of cervical precancers and cancers; notably, HPV-16+ group has a higher risk of HSIL squamous lesions and SCC while HPV-18/45+ group has a higher risk of AIS+ glandular lesions. In addition, the older patient group (>50 years) has a significantly higher risk of SCC. Therefore, HPV genotyping as well as patient age need to be considered in the clinical management of patient. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Liu, Q., Zhang, T., Chen, L., Zhou, X., Zhang, X., Zheng, W., Niu, S., Zhou, F. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Lipid droplets functional protein caveolin-2 is associated with lipid metabolism-related molecule FABP5 and EMT marker E-cadherin in oral epithelial dysplasia
Conclusion
In the oral epithelial carcinogenesis process, LDs begin to accumulate early in the precancerous stage. LDs may be the regulator of FABP5-associated lipid metabolism and may closely related to the process of EMT; caveolin-2 could be the main functional protein. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Chen, X.-J., Bai, Y.-T., Xie, J.-R., Zhou, G. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Primary salivary duct carcinoma of the lung: clinicopathological features, diagnosis and practical challenges
Conclusions
LSDC is a highly rare malignant tumour. The distinctive architecture of in situ carcinoma and tumour cells expressing AR can provide diagnostic indications for LSDC. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Li, S., Hou, L., Huang, Y., Wu, W., Wu, C., Zhang, L. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
From Castleman disease histopathological features to idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease: a multiparametric approach to exclude potential iMCD histopathological mimickers
Conclusions
HHV-8+ MCD and PCN/POEMS-related CD are the major mimickers of iMCD in lymph node biopsies. Grading of the five histopathological features for CD might be useful to, in conjunction with complete ancillary testing, suggest for specific disease entities. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Rodriguez Merino, L., Pomares, A. A., Arce, J. R., Montes-Moreno, S. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Reducing workload in malignant melanoma sentinel node examination: a national study of pathology reports from 507 melanoma patients
Conclusions
Reducing the number of levels examined to three levels 300 µm apart combined with IHC does not have significant impact on metastasis detection rate, and we will therefore recommend that the future melanoma SN guideline takes this into consideration to reduce overall workload. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Mellemgaard, C., Christensen, I. J., Salkus, G., Wirenfeldt Staun, P., Korsgaard, N., Hein Lindahl, K., Skaarup Larsen, M., Klausen, S., Lade-Keller, J. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis: sensitivity and specificity of 16s rRNA and Sanger sequencing for Corynebacterium spp
Conclusion
CNGM presents as a large symptomatic breast mass in multiparous breastfeeding women. The importance of adequate sampling and repeated microbiology culture in conjunction with sequencing on all GM cases with persistent disease is paramount. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Yang, E., Kozak, R., Nofech-Mozes, S., Salvant, E., Olkhov-Mitsel, E., Slodkowska, E., Plotkin, A., Hanna, W., Lu, F.-I. Tags: Editor's choice Original research Source Type: research
Investigating the relative frequencies of unascertained causes of death and advanced decomposition at autopsy
Introduction An established dogma of autopsy pathology is that it is not possible to ascertain a cause of death in about 2–5% of postmortems.1 One of the most common reasons for a cause of death to be unascertained is due to postmortem decomposition. Decomposition change can affect the macroscopic and microscopic appearances of pathology and can introduce uncertainty into the interpretation of postmortem findings.2 Postmortem decomposition is also an increasingly recognised sign of perimortem social isolation.3 But what is the actual relationship between postmortem decomposition and unascertained deaths? There have n...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Estrin-Serlui, T., Yoon, J., Osborn, M. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research
Invited commentary on: sudden cardiac death
Postmortem examination holds a pivotal role in our society. The implications of this procedure are vast, ranging from medicolegal consequences to characterisation of heritable genetic syndromes and closure for those proximal to the deceased. Despite its widespread intrinsic value, a surprising 1%–5% of postmortem examinations will lack revealing gross, histologic, or laboratory findings that inform the cause of death.1 2 The so-called ‘negative autopsy’ is a challenge for the medical system and relatives of the deceased alike. A specific list of differential diagnoses is considered in the setting of a neg...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Bois, M.D., M. C. Tags: Grand rounds commentary Source Type: research
Commentary on sudden unexpected death in a middle-aged woman: spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), myocardial infarction and cardiac biomarkers
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an uncommon cause of myocardial infarction (MI). It presents clinically either as sudden cardiac death, as in this case, or as an acute coronary syndrome with clinical symptoms, changes in the ECG (ST segment elevation MI or non-ST elevation MI) and a rise in cardiac biomarkers. Although initially thought to be very rare, SCAD is increasingly recognised as a cause of MI in women. Both clinical awareness of SCAD as a clinical diagnostic entity and the use of a sex-specific 99th centile may improve the rate of diagnosis. Investigation is by angiography but treatment is conserv...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Collinson, P. Tags: Grand rounds commentary Source Type: research
Sudden unexpected death in a middle-aged woman
Clinical presentation The patient was a woman in her 50s with a history of migraine and Raynaud’s disease. She had episodes of severe migraine that only partially responded to triptans, and worsened during pregnancy approximately 14 years prior, and also during the perimenopausal period approximately 2 years ago. After menopause, her migraines improved, occurred once a month, and responded well to triptans. She had elevated cholesterol. She had no known history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, autoimmune disease or connective tissue disease. She was not on ho...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Casimero, F. V. C., Patalas, E. D., Stone, J. R. Tags: Grand rounds Source Type: research
Gene of the month: the uroplakins
Uroplakins are a family of membrane-spanning proteins highly specific to the urothelium. There are four uroplakin proteins in humans. These are encoded by the following UPK genes: UPK1A, UPK1B, UPK2 and UPK3. Uroplakin proteins span the apical membrane of umbrella cells of the urothelium, where they associate into urothelial plaques. This provides a barrier function to prevent passage of urine across the urothelium in the renal pelvis, ureters, and bladder. Uroplakins are also involved in developmental processes such as nephrogenesis. The specific localisation of uroplakins within the urothelium means that they are often e...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - April 18, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Sivakumaar, K., Griffin, J., Schofield, E., Catto, J. W. F., Jubber, I. Tags: Gene of the month Source Type: research
Modes of assay interference and the effectiveness of serum pretreatment approaches in detection of anti-HLA antibodies
Conclusions
Our data indicate that a single-method approach is insufficient to address all sources of interference in HLA SAB. A multimodal approach with a proactive screening is a more effective way to minimise risk of erroneous results. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - March 20, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Abraha, J., Rao, P., Morris, G. P. Tags: Original research Source Type: research
