Original Research: Effect of sprint and strength training on glucoregulatory hormones: Effect of advanced age
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of high-intensity sprint and strength training (HISST) on glucoregulatory hormones in young (20 years) and middle-aged (40 years) men. Thirty-six moderately trained men participated as volunteers in this study. After medical examination, eligible subjects were randomly assigned to one of four groups according to their age: a young training group (21.3 ± 1.3 yrs, YT, n = 9), a young control group (21.4 ± 1.7 yrs, YC, n = 9), a middle-aged training group (40.7 ± 1.8 yrs, AT, n = 9), and a middle-aged control group (40.5 ± 1.8 yrs, AC, n = 9). YT and ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Sellami, M., Ben Abderrahman, A., Kebsi, W., De Sousa, M. V., Zouhal, H. Tags: Physiology Source Type: research
Original Research: Extract of Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam inhibits cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary and intestinal inflammation
In this study, we induced pulmonary and bowel inflammation in mice using cigarette smoke and investigated whether Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam extract modulates the inflammatory response in both the lung and the bowel. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 90 min per day for three weeks, and Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam extract was administered via oral injection 2 h before cigarette smoke exposure. The bronchoalveolar lavage cells were counted and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed. Levels of inflammatory mediators in lung and large intestine were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-tim...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Lim, D., Cho, Y., Kim, W., Jeong, S., Jang, Y. P., Kim, J. Tags: Pharmacology & amp;amp; Toxicology Source Type: research
Original Research: Potential ocular protection and dynamic observation of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide against streptozocin-induced diabetic rats model
In conclusion, these results suggest that the administration of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide slows the progression of diabetic retinopathy and cataract through alleviating hyperglycemia and reducing oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rats. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wang, Y., Qin, S., Pen, G., Chen, D., Han, C., Miao, C., Lu, B., Su, C., Feng, S., Li, W., Han, J., Cho, N. C., Si, Y. Tags: Pharmacology & amp;amp; Toxicology Source Type: research
Brief Communication: Plasma lipid oxidation predicts atherosclerotic status better than cholesterol in diabetic apolipoprotein E deficient mice
Increased levels of oxidative stress have been suggested to play a detrimental role in the development of diabetes-related vascular complications. Here, we investigated whether the concentration of malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid oxidation correlated to the degree of aortic plaque lesions in a proatherogenic diabetic mouse model. Three groups of apolipoprotein E knockout mice were studied for 20 weeks, a control, a streptozotocin-induced diabetic, and a diabetic enalapril-treated group. Enalapril was hypothesized to lower oxidative stress level and thus the plaque burden. Both diabetic groups were significantly differen...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Petersen, K. E., Lykkesfeldt, J., Raun, K., Rakipovski, G. Tags: Pharmacology & amp;amp; Toxicology Source Type: research
Original Research: Effect of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile in duck liver: Efficient conversion of short-chain to long-chain omega-3 fatty acids
This study was to reveal the effects of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile and conversion of omega-3 fatty acids in duck liver. Female Shan Partridge Ducks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each consisting of 6 replicates of 30 birds. The experimental diets substituted the basal diet by 2% of flaxseed oil, rapeseed oil, beef tallow, or fish oil, respectively. In addition, a dose response study was further conducted for flaxseed and fish oil diets at 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively. At the end of the five-week treatment, fatty acids were extracted from the liver samples and analyzed by GC-FID. As exp...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Chen, X., Du, X., Shen, J., Lu, L., Wang, W. Tags: Endocrinology and Nutrition Source Type: research
Original Research: Adipose-derived stem cells from younger donors, but not aging donors, inspire the host self-healing capability through its secreta
Adipose-derived stem cells demonstrate promising effects in promoting cutaneous wound healing, but the mechanisms are still not well defined and contradictory views are still debatable. In the present research, we established a mouse cutaneous wound model and investigated the effects of adipose-derived stem cells in wound healing. Adipocyte, adipose-derived stem cells, and epidermal keratinocyte stem cells were isolated from younger and aged donors according to the standard protocol. The conditioned medium either from adipose-derived stem cells or from adipocytes was used to treat epidermal keratinocyte cells. The results ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Ma, N., Qiao, C., Zhang, W., Luo, H., Zhang, X., Liu, D., Zang, S., Zhang, L., Bai, J. Tags: Endocrinology and Nutrition Source Type: research
Original Research: Featured Article: Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) inhibits Notch and c-Myc signaling: Five-day treatment permanently rescues mammary development
Wap-Int3 transgenic females expressing the Notch4 intracellular domain (designated Int3) from the whey acidic protein promoter exhibit two phenotypes in the mammary gland: blockage of lobuloalveolar development and lactation, and tumor development with 100% penetrance. Previously, we have shown that treatment of Wap-Int3 tumor bearing mice with Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) is associated with complete regression of the tumor. In the present study, we show that treatment of Wap-Int3 mice during day 1 through day 6 of pregnancy with Gleevec leads to the restoration of their lobuloalveolar development and ability to lactate in ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Callahan, R., Chestnut, B. A., Raafat, A. Tags: Cell & amp;amp; Developmental Biology Source Type: research
Original Research: miR-194 inhibits proliferation and invasion and promotes apoptosis by targeting KDM5B in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells
Increasing evidence suggests that miR-194 is down-regulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumor tissue. However, the role and underlying mechanism of miR-194 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma have not been well defined. We used DIANA, TargetScan and miRanda to perform target prediction analysis and found KDM5B is a potential target of miR-194. Based on these findings, we speculated that miR-194 might play a role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development and progression by regulation the expression of KDM5B. We detected the expression of miR-194 and KDM5B by quantitative real-time reverse transcription P...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Cui, G., Liu, D., Li, W., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Shi, W., Zhao, S. Tags: Cell & amp;amp; Developmental Biology Source Type: research
Original Research: Evaluation of pulmonary response to inhaled tungsten (IV) oxide nanoparticles in golden Syrian hamsters
Extensive industrial and military uses of tungsten have raised the possibilities of human occupational and environmental exposure to nanoparticles of this metal, with concomitant health concerns. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of pulmonary toxicity associated with inhaled tungsten (IV) oxide nanoparticles (WO3 NPs) in Golden Syrian Hamsters. Animals exposed to WO3 NPs via inhalation were divided into three groups — control and two treatment groups exposed to either 5 or 10 mg/m3 of aerosolized WO3 NPs for 4 h/day for four days. A long-term exposure study (4 h/day for eight days) was...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Prajapati, M. V., Adebolu, O. O., Morrow, B. M., Cerreta, J. M. Tags: Bionanoscience Source Type: research
Original Research: Feasibility and safety of two surgical techniques for the development of an animal model of jugular vein occlusion
To date, no studies have explored the effect of abnormal cerebral venous circulation on brain disorders, whereas many studies have investigated neurodegenerative brain anomalies associated with arterial diseases. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the feasibility of different surgical techniques to induce venous obstruction of cerebral brain drainage. Six C57/black mice underwent bilateral occlusion of the external jugular vein (group EJV), six underwent bilateral occlusion of the internal jugular vein (group IJV), and six underwent bilateral occlusion of both the EJV and the IJV (group EJV/IJV). Within each group, th...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Auletta, L., Greco, A., Albanese, S., Meomartino, L., Salvatore, M., Mancini, M. Tags: Bioimaging Source Type: research
Original Research: ACE2 activator associated with physical exercise potentiates the reduction of pulmonary fibrosis
The interstitial lung diseases are poorly understood and there are currently no studies evaluating the association of physical exercise with an ACE2 activator (DIZE) as a possible treatment for this group of diseases. We evaluate the effects of pharmacological treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activator drug, associated with exercise, on the pulmonary lesions induced by bleomycin. From the 96 male Balb/c mice used in the experiment, only 49 received 8 U/kg of bleomycin (BLM, intratracheally). The mice were divided into control (C) and bleomycin (BLM) groups, sedentary and trained (C-SED, C-EXE, BLM-SED, BLM...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Prata, L. O., Rodrigues, C. R., Martins, J. M., Vasconcelos, P. C., Oliveira, F. M. S., Ferreira, A. J., Rodrigues-Machado, M. d. G., Caliari, M. V. Tags: Anatomy/Pathology Source Type: research
Minireview: Fibronectin in retinal disease
Retinal fibrosis, characterized by dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition by retinal endothelial cells, pigment epithelial cells, and other resident cell-types, is a unifying feature of several common retinal diseases. Fibronectin is an early constituent of newly deposited ECM and serves as a template for assembly of other ECM proteins, including collagens. Under physiologic conditions, fibronectin is found in all layers of Bruch’s membrane. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a complication of retinal surgery, is characterized by ECM accumulation. Among the earliest histologic manifestatio...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - December 4, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Miller, C. G., Budoff, G., Prenner, J. L., Schwarzbauer, J. E. Tags: APSA Awardee Submission Source Type: research
Identification of differentially regulated genes in human patent ductus arteriosus
In order to identify differentially expressed genes that are specific to the ductus arteriosus, 18 candidate genes were evaluated in matched ductus arteriosus and aortic samples from infants with coarctation of the aorta. The cell specificity of the gene's promoters was assessed by performing transient transfection studies in primary cells derived from several patients. Segments of ductus arteriosus and aorta were isolated from infants requiring repair for coarctation of the aorta and used for mRNA quantitation and culturing of cells. Differences in expression were determined by quantitative PCR using the Ct method. Promot...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - November 7, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Parikh, P., Bai, H., Swartz, M. F., Alfieris, G. M., Dean, D. A. Tags: Translational Research Source Type: research
The potential of chondrogenic pre-differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for regeneration in harsh nucleus pulposus microenvironment
Recent studies indicated that cell-based therapy could be a promising approach to treat intervertebral disc degeneration. Though the harsh microenvironment in disc is still challenging to implanted cells, it could be overcome by pre-conditioning graft cells before transplantation, suggested by previous literatures. Therefore, we designed this study to identify the potential effect of chondrogenic pre-differentiation on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in intervertebral disc-like microenvironment, characterized by limited nutrition, acidic, and high osmosis in vitro. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells of rat ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - November 7, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wang, J., Tao, Y., Zhou, X., Li, H., Liang, C., Li, F., Chen, Q.-x. Tags: Stem Cell Biology Source Type: research
Expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in CD4+ T cells contributes to alleviation of Th17/Treg imbalance in collagen-induced arthritis
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of catecholamines, is expressed in T lymphocytes. However, the role of T cell-expressed TH in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is less clear. Herein, we aimed to show the contribution of TH expression by CD4+ T cells to alleviation of helper T (Th)17/regulatory T (Treg) imbalance in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a mouse model of RA. CIA was prepared by intradermal injection of collagen type II (CII) at tail base of DBA1/J mice. Expression of TH in the spleen and the ankle joints was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Pe...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - November 7, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wang, X.-Q., Liu, Y., Cai, H.-H., Peng, Y.-P., Qiu, Y.-H. Tags: Physiology Source Type: research
