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Validity of brief scales for assessing transdiagnostic cognitive emotion regulation strategies in primary care patients with emotional disorders.
Cognitive emotion regulation strategies have been proposed as an explanation for transdiagnostic vulnerability to emotional disorders, which are highly prevalent in the primary care setting. The use of brief psychological instruments to detect cognitive-emotional factors—such as worry, rumination, interpretative and attentional distortions, and metacognitions—could provide valuable clinical data to better guide treatment in primary care. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of four brief scales derived from the full versions of four assessment instruments (PSWQ, RRS, IACTA, and MCQ-3...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - May 7, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Offender subtypes based on psychopathic traits: Results from factor-mixture modeling.
Psychopathy is a primary risk factor of re-offending in sexual offenders. Conceptually, both variable-centered (e.g., factor analysis) and clustering methods (e.g., latent profile analysis) have been used in previous research. Variable-centered and clustering methods were merged in a simultaneous modeling strategy for two purposes: First, to test assumptions on the emergence of psychopathic versus sociopathic (antisocial) sub-groups. And second to compare the predictive validity of clusters with that afforded by a dimensional cut-score. Using mixture modeling, two types of models were estimated: Latent class factor-analyti...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - May 7, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Construct validity of the German version of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist – Revised.
The Hare Psychopathy Checklist – Revised (PCL-R) is among the most well-established instruments for the assessment of psychopathy. The PCL-R is a 20-item observer rating instrument based on file review and a semi-structured interview. The current study aimed to investigate the validity of the German adaptation of the PCL-R, its factor structure, construct validity, and association with socially desirable responding in a sample of male offenders (N = 118). A parcel model with four facets and two factors yielded excellent model fit. Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed based on correlational analyses, a multi...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Examining the phenomenon of resilience in schools: Development, validation, and application of the School Resilience Scale.
School resilience refers to positive adaptation despite experiences of significant school-related stressors. We conducted two studies focusing on the development and validation of a new measure of school resilience – the School Resilience Scale (SRS): Study 1 involved Grade 8 students (n = 1,159) and Study 2 involved Grade 8 and Grade 9 students (n = 190) in Singapore. The results of both studies suggest that the SRS comprised one second-order factor underpinned by four first-order factors, which correspond to resilience in relation to stressors emanating from academics, family, teachers, and peers. This factor structure...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Development and validation of the Danish Big Five Inventory-2: Domain- and facet-level structure, construct validity, and reliability.
Following the publication of the Big Five Inventory- 2 (BFI-2) and its abbreviated forms (the 30-item BFI-2-S and 15-item BFI-2-XS), two studies were conducted to develop and validate a Danish translation of these measures. Study 1 first developed a preliminary Danish BFI-2 item pool consisting of translations of the 60 BFI-2 items, then tested and refined this item pool using two waves of data collection, and identified a set of 60-item formulations for the Danish BFI-2. Study 1 then examined the domain- and facet-level structure of the Danish BFI-2, and the construct validity and reliability of this measure. Study 2 test...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - March 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Investigating the Unified Motive Scales: The predictive validity of the achievement motive subscale.
Explicit motives are well-studied in the field of personality and motivation psychology. However, the statistical overlap of different explicit motive measures is only moderate. As a consequence, the Unified Motive Scales (UMS; Schönbrodt & Gerstenberg, 2012) were developed to improve the measurement of explicit motives. The present longitudinal field study examined the predictive validity of the UMS achievement motive subscale. Applicants of a police department (n = 168, Mage = 25.11, 53 females and 115 males) completed the UMS and their performance in the selection process was assessed. As expected, UMS achievement pred...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - March 19, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Asset: A new measure of economic and financial literacy.
Young adults increasingly require good financial literacy to make the most of the opportunities provided to them. Unfortunately, existing financial literacy measures that may assist with targeting interventions show low reliability, ceiling effects, and a high level of abstraction. To address this, we designed and assessed the psychometric properties of a new measure specifically targeting young people, the Assessment of Economic and Financial Literacy (ASSET). We find it has better overall validity, reliability, and predictive power than existing measures. Using ASSET, we find that mathematical ability, calculator use (an...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - March 19, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Short forms do not fall short: A comparison of three (extra-)short forms of the Big Five.
Researchers wishing to assess personality in research settings with severe time limitations typically use short-scale measures of the Big Five. Over the last decade, several such measures have been developed. To guide researchers in choosing the one best suited to their needs, we conducted the present study. Based on a large-scale sample representative of the adult population in Germany, we compared the psychometric properties of three short-scale versions assessing the Big Five: the 10-item BFI-10, the 15-item BFI-2-XS, and the 30-item BFI-2-S. To assess the psychometric quality of these measures, we investigated and comp...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - March 19, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The Narrative Competence Task: A standardized test to assess children’s narrative skills.
The oral narratives of 240 Italian children aged 3–8 years were analyzed using a new instrument, the Narrative Competence Task (NCT). The data showed a gradual increase in the children’s narrative competence in both the macrostructure and the microstructure. Statistically significant differences between preschool-age and school-age children were found on all the variables considered. In addition to increased chronological age, a significant role of cognitive abilities (general non-verbal intelligence and sequential reasoning) and linguistic skills (mean length of utterance and lexical diversity) emerged in explaining t...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - March 19, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Measuring burnout in social work: Factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey.
Several studies challenge the three-dimensional structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), citing alternative measurement models including bifactor models. While bifactor models have merit, if data sampling violates assumptions of Stochastic Measurement Theory (SMT) the bifactor model requires modification prior to application. The present study compared five alternative MBI-HSS factor models using both Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM). Data from a cross-sectional survey of United Kingdom (UK) social workers were examined (N = 1257), w...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - March 19, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Factor structure of the Dutch language version of the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP).
In this study we aim to investigate the higher order factor structure of the Personality Syndrome (PS) scales and Trait Dimension (TD) scales of the Dutch language version of the SWAP-200 (SWAP-200-NL) in a psychiatric outpatient sample (N = 282). For the TD scales Cronbach’s α is also calculated. Results show acceptable to good overall reliability (i.e., Cronbach’s α). Higher order factor analysis of the SWAP-200 (PS) reveals four maladaptive factors that resemble both the higher order personality traits conceptualized in section III of DSM-5 (APA, 2013), as well as the constructs identified by Widiger and Simonsen ...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - March 5, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Validity and cross-cultural invariance of the Resiliency Scale for Young Adults—Spanish version.
This study evaluated the cross-cultural validity of a new Spanish translation of the Resiliency Scale for Young Adults (RSYA) using samples of 393 young adults (66.2% women) from Spain (ages 18–30 years, Mage = 25.88, SDage = 2.87) and 365 young adults (71.23% women) from Canada (ages 18–30 years, Mage = 18.56, SDage = 1.26). Results showed that scores on the Spanish RSYA demonstrated high internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, a sound three-factor structure, and partial scalar invariance. Overall, the RSYA translation is a promising theory-based measurement tool designed for use in Spanish young adult ...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - January 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The German version of the Multidimensional Acculturative Stress Inventory (MASI) for Turkish-origin immigrants: Measurement invariance of filter questions and validation.
This study contributes to research on measurement invariance of filter questions, thereby providing a measure of acculturative stress that can be used in future research to understand the etiology of health disparities in Turkish-origin immigrants in Germany. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment)
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - January 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The Pregnancy Anxiety Questionnaire Revised-2: A contribution to its validation.
Pregnancy-related anxiety is an important risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes and postnatal parental well-being, to a greater extent than general anxiety, calling for a reliable and validated measure for its assessment. The current paper aimed to validate the Pregnancy Anxiety Questionnaire – Revised-2 (PRAQ-R2; Huizink et al., 2016) in a sample of Italian women, by testing its psychometric properties, and checking for Italian–Finnish measurement invariance. Additionally, the association with general anxiety and depression was examined. Participants included 348 Italian pregnant women and 348 Finnish pregnant wo...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - December 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The factor structure of the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale in English adolescents.
This study investigated the factor structure, internal consistency, and known-groups validity of the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale in a large sample of 29,388 English adolescents. Results indicated that the original unidimensional structure was not viable and instead provided support for a two-factor structure. Examination of a bifactor-(S − 1) model indicated that this multidimensionality can be attributed to reverse-worded items; however, beyond method effects, these factors appear to capture distinct, though inter-related, constructs. As this multidimensional structure relies on 2-item factors, we advise use of longer...
Source: European Journal of Psychological Assessment - December 5, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research